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ヨハネス・ブラームス

ヨハネス・ブラームス

作曲

1833 — 1897
1833年、ハンブルク生まれ。コントラバス奏者であった父親から音楽の手ほどきを受け、その後ピアノと作曲を本格的に習い始める。 1853年にハンガリーのヴァイオリニスト、エドゥアルド・レメーニと演奏旅行に出、ヨーゼフ・ヨアヒムと知り合い、才能を賞賛される。また、ヨアヒムの紹介でシューマン夫妻に知り合う。ブラームスの演奏と作品に感銘を受けたロベルトは、新音楽時報でその才能を絶賛した。ロベルト、そしてクララとの交流は生涯続くことになる。 1862年にウィーンを訪れたのをきっかけに、ジングアカデミーの指揮者として招聘される。その後、1868年に完成したドイツ・レクイエムで、作曲家としての評価を確立した。 1871年にウィーンに移住。その10年後に、交響曲第1番を完成する。これは、約19年の準備の後に完成させた労作だった。しかしその後の3曲の交響曲は、1885年までの比較的短い期間で書き上げた。 1878年から度々イタリアに赴き、そこで作曲を行うようになる。 1890年頃にキャリアを終える決断をするが、91年にクラリネット奏者リヒャルト・ミュールフェルトの演奏に触発され、クラリネット三重奏曲 (1891年)、クラリネット五重奏曲 (1891年)、2つのクラリネットソナタ (1894年) を書き上げる。また、「7つの幻想曲」op. 116 (1891年)、「4つの小品」op. 119 (1892年) 等のピアノ小品、歌曲集「4つの厳粛な歌」(1896年) などの傑作を生み出した。 1897年、クララ・シューマンの後を追うように肝臓癌で死去した。

Johannes Brahms

Composer 1833 – 1897 Undoubtedly, Johannes Brahms is one of the most significant composers of all time. His music combines dramatic power with lyrical intensity and a soothing warmth. In terms of his harmonic experiments and expressiveness, Brahms was unquestionably an innovator, while his use of traditional, even archaic, forms appears more conservative.

Insights into Brahms' Biography: His Musical Career

Johannes Brahms was born in Hamburg and showed exceptional musical talent from a young age. His father, a musician, supported his musical development early on, which later became the foundation for his career. As a teenager, Brahms played in various orchestras and performed as a pianist. By the mid-1850s, Brahms began to make a name for himself as a composer, initially publishing smaller works and piano pieces. His acquaintance with Robert Schumann and his wife Clara Schumann had a significant impact on Brahms' musical development. Schumann was a mentor and praised Brahms as the "saviour of music", which earned him initial recognition in the music world. In the following years, Brahms refined his compositional style and increasingly turned to symphonic works and larger orchestral pieces. His career as a composer eventually took him to the major musical centres of Europe, where he worked as a conductor and pianist.

Brahms’ Music Unites Tradition and Innovation

Brahms is often considered a bridge between classical music and the later movements of Impressionism and Modernism. While he incorporated the formal structures of the Viennese Classical style in many areas of music – particularly in his symphonies and orchestral works – he simultaneously experimented with complex harmonic and rhythmic techniques, which added an innovative touch to his music. His music is known for its emotional depth, melodic beauty and compositional sophistication. Brahms' ability to blend various musical styles and create works that are both technically demanding and emotionally accessible made him one of the most respected composers of the Romantic era.

Most Famous Works by Johannes Brahms

Brahms did not compose a single opera, but he created significant works in nearly all other genres: four symphonies and concertos, two orchestral serenades and concert overtures, as well as the Haydn Variations. In addition, his deeply personal German Requiem, hundreds of songs and other vocal compositions are noteworthy. Brahms also wrote a multitude of exceptional chamber music works, along with numerous piano pieces, that he himself performed excellently, and, of course, his Hungarian Dances, which remain incredibly popular in various arrangements. Some of his most famous works are available for streaming on STAGE+.

Masterful Symphonies

Brahms' symphonies are among the most important works of Romantic orchestral composition and engage stylistically with the great symphonists, such as Beethoven. Notably, his ability to preserve the form of the symphony while adding his own innovative accents is remarkable.

  • Symphony No. 1 in C Minor, Op. 68 – The First Symphony is considered one of the greatest masterpieces of Romantic symphonic music. The unity of pathos and structure is a hallmark of this work. It shows both the Beethoven legacy and Brahms' unique musical language.
  • Symphony No. 2 in D Major, Op. 73 – The Second Symphony has a brighter, more lyrical character than the first. It is often described as particularly lively and joyful, reflecting Brahms' connection to nature, which was important to him at the time.
  • Symphony No. 3 in F Major, Op. 90 – This symphony is particularly marked by its melodic flow and deeper emotional shading. The famous freedom theme in the third movement gives the symphony a unique, philosophical dimension.
  • Symphony No. 4 in E Minor, Op. 98 – The Fourth and final Symphony by Brahms showcases the composer's maturity and mastery. Especially the last movement, which is structured as a passacaglia, impresses with its contrapuntal complexity and emotional intensity.

Virtuoso Piano Works

Johannes Brahms' piano pieces are often technically challenging and highly expressive. Especially his piano concertos and the piano work "Intermezzi" are regarded as highlights of his oeuvre.

  • Piano Concerto No. 1 in D Minor, Op. 15 – Brahms' First Piano Concerto combines dramatic power with lyrical passages. It is one of the most important piano concertos of the Romantic period and stands out for its complex structure and profound emotions.
  • Intermezzi, Op. 117 – The "Intermezzi" are a collection of piano pieces Brahms published in 1892. These works are filled with calm, introspective moments, offering deep emotional expression and showcasing Brahms' ability to create depth through reduced form and harmonic sophistication.

Choral Music and Songs

Vocal music played a central role in Brahms' output and beautifully demonstrates his ability to combine profound texts with an expressive musical language. Some of his most famous songs and choral works include:

  • A German Requiem, Op. 45 – The Requiem is one of Brahms' best-known works. It addresses comforting, humanistic themes and combines the despair of humanity with the hope for consolation.
  • Song of Destiny, Op. 54 – Song of Destiny is a large choral work by Brahms based on a poem by Friedrich Hölderlin, which profoundly explores the theme of human fate.
  • Lullaby (Wiegenlied), Op. 49 No. 4 – Composed in 1868, the Lullaby is one of the most beloved children's songs worldwide. Its gentle melody has a soothing character and is a masterpiece of simple beauty.
  • Hungarian Dances, Op. 26 – This is a collection of 21 lively and colourful dance pieces inspired by Hungarian folk music, which Brahms deeply admired.

Listen to Johannes Brahms: Stream Now on STAGE+

On STAGE+, the fascinating world of Johannes Brahms unfolds in all its variety. Whether it's his stirring symphonies, virtuosic piano works, or moving choral pieces – here you can experience the masterpieces of one of the greatest composers of the Romantic era in all their grandeur. On our streaming platform, you can enjoy Brahms' music anytime and anywhere, in brilliant sound quality.